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Showing posts from October, 2017

Preperations of food

While many foods can be eaten raw, many also undergo some form of preparation for reasons of safety, palatability , texture , or flavor . At the simplest level this may involve washing, cutting, trimming, or adding other foods or ingredients, such as spices. It may also involve mixing, heating or cooling, pressure cooking , fermentation, or combination with other food. In a home, most food preparation takes place in a kitchen . Some preparation is done to enhance the taste or aesthetic appeal; other preparation may help to preserve the food; others may be involved in cultural identity. A meal is made up of food which is prepared to be eaten at a specific time and place

Sources of food

Most food has its origin in plants. Some food is obtained directly from plants; but even animals that are used as food sources are raised by feeding them food derived from plants. Cereal grain is a staple food that provides more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop. [2] Corn (maize) , wheat , and rice – in all of their varieties – account for 87% of all grain production worldwide. [3] [4] [5] Most of the grain that is produced worldwide is fed to livestock. Some foods not from animal or plant sources include various edible fungi , especially mushrooms . Fungi and ambient bacteria are used in the preparation of fermented and pickled foods like leavened bread , alcoholic drinks , cheese , pickles , kombucha , and yogurt . Another example is blue-green algae such as Spirulina . [6] Inorganic substances such as salt , baking soda and cream of tartar are used to preserve or chemically alter an ingredient.

Butter biscuits

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Ingredients 400g butter 870ml flour 90g icing sugar  Preheat oven to 170 degrees Celcius. Method Cream butter and icing sugar. Fold in sifted flour. Pipe biscuits into various shapes on a greased backing sheet. Bake until golden brown. 

Date loaf

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Ingredients   250g dates (chopped) 60ml butter 250ml boiling water  90ml sugar  10ml bi-carb  Method boil above together and allow to cool.  mix together; 500ml flour  15ml vinegar 1 beaten egg  60ml chopped nuts  combine the two mixtures together and pour into prepared pan.  bake at 180 degrees Celcius for 60 minutes.

American shortbread

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Ingredients for dough   170g butter 1 teaspoon baking powder  1 egg  apricot jam  500ml flour  Ingredients for topping   1 egg  250ml coconut  125ml sugar Method   knead all dough ingredients and roll out into a baking tray. spread apricot jam over the dough. bake at a moderate temperature for about 20 to 30 minutes.

Braai bread

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Ingredients   500g self raising flour 500ml plain yoghurt  1 pkt brown onion soup  Method   mix together. bake at 180 degrees Celcius for 1 hour 

Cheese muffins

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Ingredients   1 cup flour  1 cup milk (might need slightly more) 1 dessertspoon baking powder  pinch of salt  2 tablespoons oil 1 cup grated cheese  1 egg  Method   mix together put into muffin pan  bake at 220 degrees Celcius for about 10 to 12 minutes.

Cheese and onion tartlets

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Ingredients for filling White sauce  15ml flour  125g grated chedder cheese  250ml milk 1ml salt  1 egg  pinch of cayenne pepper  1g mixed herbs  1\2 onion - diced  (double mixture for all 400g pastry). Method   melt margarine on low heat and add flour slowly, stirring all the time.  add half the cheese and milk and mix. combine the remainder of ingredients and cook on low heat till slightly firm. spoon into pastry in patty pans.  cook for 15 minutes, serve hot.  prepare patty pans with pastry by cutting circles with cookie cutter or glass. place in greased patty pans before doing white sauce. alternate fillings with bacon, tuna, chicken mayonnise etc.  Enjoy. 

Savoury tart

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Ingredients   2 eggs  3 cups grated chedder cheese  1 1\2 tablespoons grated onion 125g bacon cut up and fried 1 teaspoon mustard pinch of salt cayenne pepper 2 tablespoons flour 2 cups milk Method mix all dry ingredients. beat eggs and add to milk. mix this with dry ingredients. bake in oven at 170 degrees Celcius for about 1\2 hour.

Brown pudding

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Ingredients 4 tablespoons flour  4 tablespoons melted butter  4 tablespoons sugar  1 cup milk  1 teaspoon bi-carb  4 tablespoons jam  Method add all the ingredients together and bake at 180 degrees Celcius for 30 to 40 minutes.  this recipe is very sweet-sugar and jam can be halfed if desired.  variations: instead of jam fruit ginger

Magic mocho pudding

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Ingredients   1 1\2 cups flour  1 cup sugar  1 egg  2 teaspoons instant coffee granules  2 1\2 teaspoons baking powder  1\2 teaspoon salt  6 tablespoons butter  1 cup milk  vanilla to taste  Chocolate Sauce   1 cup sugar  2 tablespoons cocoa  1 1\2 tablespoons cornstarch  2 1\2 cups water  Method   combine sauce ingredients in a saucepan and boil until thick. preheat oven to 180 degrees Celcius  combine all the ingredients and mix well.  pour half the chocolate sauce over the batter and bake of 30 to 35 minutes.  add the remaining sauce before serving. serve hot with milk or cold with whipped cream. 

Lemon Cream Tart

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Ingredients for crust 1\2 packet marie biscuits  75g butter\margarine  crush biscuits.  melts butter\margarine and mix with biscuits. researve some of the crumbs to sprinkle on top of the tart if you like. press crumbs against the sides and base of a 1 litre pie dish. Ingredients for filling   250ml cream  1 tin condensed milk  125ml lemon juice  Method beat the cream until soft peaks form. fold in the condensed milk and then the lemon juice.  spoon the mixture into the pie crust.  chill the tart for at least 2 hours  makes a medium tart. 

Caramel biscuits

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Ingredients 500g butter\margarine 750g flour 375g sugar 12,5ml baking powder 397g condensed milk pinch of salt 10ml caramel essence Method cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy. stir in condensed milk. sift dry ingredients into creamed mixture and mix well. add essence and beat well. place into biscuit maker and press onto greased baking tray. bake at 180 degrees Celcius for 12 - 15 minutes or until golden brown.

Chocolate pudding

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Ingredients 1 cup flour 2 tablespoons cocoa pinch of salt 1\2 cup milk 2 teaspoons baking powder 2 tablespoons melted margarine 3\4 cup sugar 1 cup nuts (optional) Method sift dry ingredients, add milk, margarine and nuts. spread in a dish and sprinkle with a mixture of 1 cup sugar 4 tablespoons of cocoa pour 1 3\4 cups of hot water over. bake in medium oven for 45 minutes.

Malva pudding

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Ingredients for the pudding 1 cup flour 1 egg 1 teaspoon bi-carb pinch of salt 1 cup milk 1\2 cup sugar 1 tablespoon apricot jam 1 tablespoon butter 1 tablespoon vinegar Method mix sugar, butter, egg and jamnwell. add flour, milk, vinegar and bi-carb and mix well. bake with lid for 1 hour at 180 degrees Celcius. Ingredients for sauce 1 cup fresh cream 1\2 cup butter 1 cup sugar 1\2 cup boiling water 1 teaspoon vanilla essence Method boil butter, sugar and water together. add cream and vanilla essence. pour over hot baked pudding. serve with ice cream.

Apple Crumble

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Ingredients   1 tin (385g) pie apples chopped into pieces 2ml cinnamon pinch ground cloves Places in the bottom of a pie dish (1L or 4 cups) 150g sugar (3\4 cup) 5 ml baking powder (1 teaspoon) 140g flour (1 cup) 1 large egg Method mix altogether and sprinkle over apples in dish. melt 100g butter (7 teaspoons) and pour mixture. bake at 180 degrees Celcius for 30 minutes. (6 - 8 portions)

Milk Tart

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Ingredients for the pastry   2 tablespoons - butter. 2 teaspoons - baking powder.  2 large eggs. 1\2 cup - sugar.  2 cups - flour. Cream butter, sugar, flour and baking powder. Beat eggs and add a little milk mix altogether and press into pan. Igredients for filling   1 pint - milk.  1 teaspoon - vanilla essence. 1 cup - sugar. 3 eggs.  1 tablespoon - butter. 1 heaped tablespoon mazina. 2 heated tablespoons - plan flour.  Boil milk and butter. Mix flour, mazina, sugar and yokes of eggs with a little milk and vanilla essence.  Beat egg whites until they become stiff. Put mixture into boiling milk as well as the egg whites and mix altogether and pour into base.